Driving in inclement weather can be hazardous, and a properly functioning windshield wiper and washer system is essential for visibility. However, what happens when your wiper washer motor stops working? This article takes an in-depth look at what this issue might mean, how to troubleshoot it, and steps you can take to fix or replace the motor if necessary.
What Is a Wiper Washer Motor?
The wiper washer motor is a vital component of your vehicle’s windshield cleaning system. It pumps washer fluid onto the windshield, enabling the wipers to clear away dirt, rain, and debris, enhancing visibility during adverse weather conditions. Understanding how this motor works is essential for diagnosing any malfunction effectively.
How Does the Wiper Washer Motor Operate?
The operation of the wiper washer motor is relatively straightforward. When you activate the windshield washer switch inside your vehicle, it sends an electrical signal to the motor. The motor then pumps washer fluid from the reservoir through the connected hoses to the windshield. The wiper blades then move back and forth, clearing the fluid along with the grime on the glass.
Signs Your Wiper Washer Motor May Not Be Working
There are several indicators that your wiper washer motor might be malfunctioning:
- The windshield wipers do not respond when you press the washer button.
- You hear the wiper motor running, but no fluid is being sprayed onto the windshield.
If you notice any of these signs, it’s time to investigate further.
Common Causes of a Wiper Washer Motor Failure
When your wiper washer motor is not working, several potential causes could be responsible. Below, we outline some of the most common problems:
No Power to the Motor
The most common cause of a non-functioning wiper washer motor is a lack of power. This problem could stem from:
- A blown fuse
- A faulty switch on the steering column
If either of these components is not functioning correctly, the motor will not receive power and will not work.
Clogged Washer Fluid Lines
Over time, the washer fluid lines can become clogged due to impurities in the fluid or debris in the reservoir. This blockage prevents the fluid from reaching the motor and ultimately the windshield, even if the motor itself is operational.
Faulty Washer Pump
If you hear the motor running but don’t see any fluid being sprayed, the issue might lie within the washer pump. The pump may be defective or damaged, rendering it incapable of pushing the fluid through the lines.
Corroded Wiring or Connectors
Corrosion can occur on the wiring or connectors leading to the wiper washer motor. This corrosion can interrupt the power supply and lead to a complete failure of the motor.
Diagnosing the Problem
To address the issue effectively, you’ll need to conduct a thorough diagnosis of the system. Here’s how you can do it step by step.
Step 1: Check the Fuse
- Locate your vehicle’s fuse box. This can usually be found under the dashboard or in the engine compartment.
- Identify and remove the fuse associated with the wiper washer motor. This information can typically be found in your owner’s manual.
- Check if the fuse is blown by looking for a broken wire inside the fuse. If it’s blown, replace it with a new one and retest the system.
Step 2: Test the Power Supply
Using a multimeter, you can test whether power is being supplied to the motor:
- Disconnect the electrical connector from the motor.
- Set the multimeter to the DC voltage setting.
- Touch the multimeter probes to the terminals of the connector.
- When you activate the washer switch, the multimeter should give a reading between 12 to 14 volts.
If you don’t receive power, you may need to replace the switch or trace down the wiring for issues.
Step 3: Inspect the Washer Fluid Lines
If the motor is functioning but no fluid is spraying, inspect the lines:
- Check the fluid reservoir to ensure it is full.
- Trace the lines from the reservoir to the nozzles for any visible blockages.
- If needed, detach the lines and run water through them to ensure they are clear.
Step 4: Check the Washer Pump
To verify whether the washer pump functions correctly, follow these steps:
- Disconnect the pump and apply voltage directly to it using jumper wires.
- If the pump runs, it may still be clogged or damaged. If it doesn’t run, it likely needs replacement.
How to Fix the Wiper Washer Motor
Once you have identified the issue, taking steps to resolve it is crucial. Here are some common fixes:
Replacing a Blown Fuse
If you found a blown fuse, replacing it is a straightforward task. Simply:
- Make sure to use a fuse of the same amperage.
- Insert the new fuse into its designated slot, and test the system again.
Cleaning or Replacing Washer Fluid Lines
If there are clogs in the washer fluid lines, you can either clean them or replace them:
- Use compressed air to clear any blockages.
- If the lines are brittle or heavily corroded, replacement is the better option.
Replacing the Washer Pump
If the pump is defective, replacing it typically involves:
- Removing the old pump from the reservoir.
- Installing the new pump and reconnecting the wiring and hoses.
- Filling the reservoir with washer fluid and testing the system.
Repairing or Replacing Wiring/Connectors
If you suspect corroded wiring or connectors:
- Clean any corrosion from the connectors using contact cleaner.
- If the wiring has significant damage, consider replacing the affected sections.
Preventative Maintenance Tips
To ensure the longevity of your wiper washer motor and its components, consider following these simple maintenance tips:
Regularly Check Washer Fluid
Keeping your washer fluid reservoir full not only ensures you have sufficient fluid for visibility but can also prevent pump failure due to dry running.
Use the Right Washer Fluid
Using the correct type of washer fluid can help minimize clogs and keep the system working smoothly. High-quality washer fluid is less likely to leave residues that can build up over time.
Inspect and Clean Components
Regular inspection and cleaning of your washer system components can help detect issues before they become significant problems. Pay attention to the fluid reservoir, hoses, and nozzles.
Conclusion
Dealing with a malfunctioning wiper washer motor can be frustrating, especially when faced with adverse weather conditions. Understanding the symptoms, diagnosing the problem, and applying the appropriate fixes can save you both time and money. Regular maintenance can also help to prevent future issues and ensure that your windshield wipers and washer system function correctly when you need them most. Always consult with a qualified mechanic if you are unsure about any procedures or need assistance with complex repairs.
What is a wiper washer motor and how does it work?
The wiper washer motor is a crucial component of your vehicle’s windshield cleaning system. It is responsible for powering the windshield wipers and controlling the flow of washer fluid to keep your windshield clear and ensure good visibility while driving. When you activate the wiper switch, the motor engages, moving the wipers across the glass in a specific pattern while simultaneously spraying washer fluid as needed.
This motor typically consists of an electric motor and a pump. The electric motor is powered by the vehicle’s battery and is designed to operate with low power consumption while providing sufficient torque to move the wipers effectively. The pump works in tandem to dispense washer fluid onto the windshield, helping to remove dirt, grime, and other obstructions that could impair your view.
What are the common signs that the wiper washer motor is failing?
One of the most noticeable signs that the wiper washer motor may be failing is a decrease in the performance of the windshield wipers. If you notice that the wipers are moving sluggishly or not at all when activated, this could indicate that the motor is struggling to function as intended. Additionally, if the washer fluid is not spraying onto the windshield, it can be a sign that the motor or pump has developed a fault.
Another common symptom is unusual noises coming from the wiper area, such as grinding or clicking sounds when the wipers are operated. These sounds may suggest that the motor gears are worn out or that there is a blockage in the washer fluid system. Pay attention to these signs, as they can help you determine whether it’s time to troubleshoot further or consult a professional mechanic.
What should I check first if my wiper washer motor isn’t working?
When troubleshooting a non-functioning wiper washer motor, the first step is to inspect the fuse associated with the wiper and washer systems. A blown fuse can prevent electrical power from reaching the motor, resulting in failure to operate. Check your vehicle’s owner manual for the location of the wiper fuse, and if necessary, replace it with a new one of the same amperage to see if this resolves the issue.
If the fuse is intact, the next step is to examine the electrical connections. Loose or corroded wiring can disrupt the power supply to the motor, causing it to malfunction. Inspect the wiring harness and connectors for any signs of damage or corrosion, and make sure all connections are secure. If necessary, clean the connections to ensure a good electrical flow.
How can I test if the wiper washer motor is functional?
To test if the wiper washer motor is functional, start by checking that the windshield wipers operate correctly when the wiper switch is turned on. If the wipers do not move, you may need to access the motor directly to conduct further tests. Use a multimeter to check for electrical current at the motor connector when the wipers are activated; if there is power but the motor does not engage, the motor itself may be defective.
Also, check the washer fluid pump by activating the washer spray feature while observing the wiper area. If you hear a noise from the motor, but no washer fluid sprays, it may indicate a blockage in the fluid line. If both the wipers and the fluid pump do not work, it could point to a more significant electrical issue that may require professional diagnosis.
What tools do I need to troubleshoot a wiper washer motor?
When troubleshooting a wiper washer motor, certain tools can greatly simplify the process. A basic toolkit that includes screwdrivers, pliers, and socket wrenches will allow you to access the motor and any associated components. Additionally, a multimeter is crucial for checking electrical connections and diagnosing any faults in the circuit.
Moreover, you may want to have some cleaning supplies on hand, such as electrical contact cleaner and a wire brush, to clean any corroded connections. Having wiper fluid and a funnel can also be helpful for checking the washer fluid reservoir and ensuring it is filled properly. With these tools, you will be better equipped to troubleshoot and potentially resolve issues with your wiper washer motor effectively.
Can I replace a faulty wiper washer motor myself?
Yes, in many cases, you can replace a faulty wiper washer motor yourself if you have some basic mechanical skills and tools. First, ensure that you have the right replacement part for your specific vehicle make and model. Consult the vehicle’s service manual for detailed instructions on how to access and remove the old motor, noting any specific steps or precautions to take.
Once you have removed the defective motor, install the new one by connecting the electrical harness and securing it in place. Make sure to test the functionality of the wiper and washer system before reassembling any components. However, if you feel uncertain at any point in the process, or if the repairs seem too complicated, it’s always a good idea to consult a professional mechanic for assistance.
What could cause a wiper washer motor to fail prematurely?
Several factors can contribute to the premature failure of a wiper washer motor. One common cause is exposure to harsh weather conditions, including extreme temperatures, moisture, and road salt, which can cause corrosion and wear on the motor components. Regular maintenance and inspections can help mitigate these effects and extend the life of the motor.
Another reason for premature failure could be the use of incompatible washer fluids. Some commercial washer fluids contain additives that may damage motor seals or internal components over time. It’s essential to use a washer fluid recommended by the manufacturer to ensure compatibility and prevent potential damage. Improper installation or frequent use of the wipers without sufficient washer fluid can also stress the motor, leading to its early demise.